Høsten 2013 har jeg vært med både NRK Newton og NRK Ut i Naturen for å demonstrere strategier for overvintring hos insekter. Da kommer vi ikke utenom bartreløperen, Rhagium inquisitor, som overvintrer under bark som voksen bille, der den blir utsatt for temperaturer ned til 30 minus. Dette klarer den ved å produsere sukkeralkoholer (polyoler) som senker frysepunktet i blodvæska. Vi kan derfor si at den lager frostvæske.
En annen strategi går på å la seg fryse til is. Dersom man satser på denne strategien, er det viktig at insektblodet (hemolymfen) fryser ved en så høy temperatur som bulig slik at isnålene ikke dåelegger kroppscellene (som ikke fryser). Disse insektene produserer derfor såkalte nukleatorer (frysekjerner) for at isdannelsen skal skje like under null grader. Arter som barkflatbilla, Pytho depressus, og mange løpebiller benytter seg av denne strategien.
Den siste strategien, og kanskje den minst spennende går på å flykte unna minusgradene ved å overvintre så og si frostfritt under bakkenivå, eller på andre lune plasser. Maurene er eksempler på dyr som gjemmer seg bort på denne måten.
Her er TV-innslaget fra Ut i Naturen 12. nov 2013 der jeg var med Rune Gokstad i skogen og fant bartreløper:
http://tv.nrk.no/serie/ut-i-naturen/dvna60000813/12-11-2013#t=18m58s
Og her er innslaget fra Newton 1. des 2013 der jeg var med Line Jansrud for å teste og finne dyr som overvinterer på forskjellig vis:
http://tv.nrksuper.no/serie/newton/dmpv74003213/01-12-2013
Her er bilde av bartreløperen der den ligger nyklekt i pupperkammeret og full av frostvæske for å takle vinteren:
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